Kingman Turquoise is one of the most sought-after turquoise varieties in the world, known for its brilliant blue hues and stunning matrix patterns. However, with its popularity comes a flood of imitations and treated stones in the market. Whether you’re a collector, jewelry maker, or enthusiast moonstone ring, knowing how to identify genuine Kingman Turquoise is essential. Here’s a guide to help you distinguish the real from the fake.
1. Understand Kingman Turquoise Characteristics
Genuine Kingman Turquoise is mined in Arizona and is famous for its vibrant blue color, often with black, brown, or white matrix patterns. Some key features include:
- Bright blue or greenish-blue color (due to high copper content)
- Distinct matrix patterns, including spiderweb or black veining
- Natural variations in color and texture
- Chalky or waxy appearance when untreated
- Hardness of 5-6 on the Mohs scale
2. Check for Stabilization or Treatment
Most Kingman Turquoise on the market is stabilized to enhance durability and color. Here’s how to identify whether a stone has been treated:
- Raw or untreated turquoise is more porous and can absorb oils from the skin.
- Stabilized turquoise feels smoother, has a glossier surface, and retains its color over time.
- Dyed or reconstituted stones often have an unnatural, overly vibrant hue or a plastic-like appearance.
3. Perform a Scratch Test
A simple scratch test can help verify authenticity:
- Use a copper penny or a steel pin to lightly scratch the stone’s surface.
- If the stone scratches easily, it may be dyed chalk or a lower-quality composite.
- Genuine Kingman Turquoise should be hard enough to resist scratching from softer metals.
4. Look for Consistency in the Matrix
- The matrix in real Kingman Turquoise is naturally formed and varies in pattern.
- Fake or reconstituted stones often have an overly uniform or printed matrix.
- Examine the matrix under a jeweler’s loupe—genuine matrix will appear as natural fractures and not surface paint or coating.
5. Conduct a Hot Needle Test
- Take a hot needle and gently press it against an inconspicuous area of the stone.
- If the needle melts the surface or gives off a plastic-like smell, it is likely an imitation.
- Genuine turquoise will not burn or melt.
6. Seek Certification and Reputable Sources
- Always purchase from reputable dealers who provide authenticity certificates.
- Look for stones sourced directly from the Kingman Mine or verified suppliers.
- Be wary of deals that seem too good to be true, as authentic Kingman Turquoise commands a higher price.
7. Professional Testing
If in doubt, take your stone to a gemologist or a reputable jeweler for professional verification. Advanced testing methods like spectroscopy or X-ray diffraction can accurately determine authenticity.
Conclusion
Identifying genuine Kingman Turquoise requires a keen eye for detail and an understanding of its natural properties. By examining the stone’s color, texture, matrix, and treatment, you can confidently distinguish real Kingman Turquoise from imitations. Always buy from trusted sources, and when in doubt, seek expert verification to ensure you’re investing in an authentic piece.
